Principles of Inheritance and Variation PYQs

Match List I with List II: Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Which one of the following disorders is caused by the substitution of Glutamic acid (Glu) by Valine (Val) at the sixth position of the beta globin chain of the haemoglobin molecule?

What is the probability of having children with 'O' blood group, where both mother and father are heterozygous for 'A' and 'B' blood groups, respectively?

The sixth mutant codon of beta globin gene causing polymerization of haemoglobin and change in RBC shape is ______.

In a population of grasshopper species, chromosome number of some members is 23 and some others possess 24 chromosomes. The 23 and 24 chromosome-bearing members in this species are ______.

In which animal do haploid cells divide mitotically to produce gametes?

Given below are two statements: Statement I : In the RNA world, RNA is considered the first genetic material evolved to carry out essential life processes. RNA acts as a genetic material and also as a catalyst for some important biochemical reactions in living systems. Being reactive, RNA is unstable. Statement II : DNA evolved from RNA and is a more stable genetic material. Its double helical strands being complementary, resist changes by evolving repair mechanism. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

What is the pattern of inheritance for polygenic trait?

Genes R and Y follow independent assortment. If RRYY produce round yellow seeds and rryy produce wrinkled green seeds, what will be the phenotypic ratio of the F2 generation?

Sweet potato and potato represent a certain type of evolution. Select the correct combination of terms to explain the evolution.

With the help of given pedigree, find out the probability for the birth of a child having no disease and being a carrier (has the disease mutation in one allele of the gene) in one of the $F_3$ generation.

Twins are born to a family that lives next door to you. The twins are a boy and a girl. Which of the following must be true?

Which one of the following can be explained on the basis of Mendel’s Law of Dominance? A. Out of one pair of factors one is dominant and the other is recessive. B. Alleles do not show any expression and both the characters appear as such in F₂ generation. C. Factors occur in pairs in normal diploid plants. D. The discrete unit controlling a particular character is called factor. E. The expression of only one of the parental characters is found in a monohybrid cross. Choose the correct option:

A pink flowered Snapdragon plant was crossed with a red flowered Snapdragon plant. What type of phenotype/s is/are expected in the progeny?

In a plant, black seed color (BB/Bb) is dominant over white seed color (bb). In order to find out the genotype of the black seed plant, with which of the following genotype will you cross it?

Match List I with List II Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Match List I with List II : Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The flippers of the Penguins and Dolphins are the example of the

Match List I with List II : Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

As per ABO blood grouping system, the blood group of father is B$^+$, mother is A$^+$ and child is O$^+$. Their respective genotype can be Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

The phenomenon of pleiotropism refers to

Frequency of recombination between gene pairs on same chromosome as a measure of the distance between genes to map their position on chromosome, was used for the first time by

Which of the following statements are correct about Klinefelter’s Syndrome? A. This disorder was first described by Langdon Down (1866). B. Such an individual has overall masculine development. However, the feminine development is also expressed. C. The affected individual is short statured. D. Physical, psychomotor and mental development is retarded. E. Such individuals are sterile. Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Which one of the following symbols represents mating between relatives in human pedigree analysis?

Which one of the following is NOT an advantage of inbreeding?

The appearance of recombination nodules on homologous chromosomes during meiosis characterizes:

XO type of sex determination can be found in:

Given below are two statements: Statement I: Mendel studied seven pairs of contrasting traits in pea plants and proposed the Laws of Inheritance. Statement II: Seven characters examined by Mendel in his experiment on pea plants were seed shape and colour, flower colour, pod shape and colour, flower position and stem height. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Which of the following occurs due to the presence of autosome linked dominant trait?

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): Mendel's law of Independent assortment does not hold good for the genes that are located closely on the same chromosome. Reason (R): Closely located genes assort independently. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Natural selection where more individuals acquire specific character value other than the mean character value, leads to:

The recombination frequency between genes a & c is 5%, b & c is 15%, b & d is 9%, a & b is 20%, c & d is 24% and a & d is 29%. What will be the sequence of these genes on a linear chromosome?

If a colour blind female marries a man whose mother was also colour blind, what are the chances of her progeny having colour blindness?

Which of the following statements is not true?

The production of gametes by the parents, formation of zygotes, the $F_1$ and $F_2$ plants, can be understood from a diagram called:

Mutations in plant cells can be induced by:

Which of the following RNAs is not required for the synthesis of protein?

In a cross between a male and female, both heterozygous for sickle cell anaemia gene, what percentage of the progeny will be diseased?

Identify the wrong statement with reference to the gene ‘I’ that controls ABO blood groups.

Select the correct match.

How many true breeding pea plant varieties did Mendel select as pairs, which were similar except in one character with contrasting traits?

Experimental verification of the chromosomal theory of inheritance was done by

In which genetic condition, each cell in the affected person, has three sex chromosomes XXY?

The production of gametes by the parents, the formation of zygotes, the $F_1$ and $F_2$ plants, can be understood using

In a marriage between male with blood group A and female with blood group B, the progeny had either blood group AB or B. What could be the possible genotype of parents?

Match the items of Column-I with Column-II : Select the correct option from the following:

A woman has an X-linked condition on one of her X chromosomes. This chromosome can be inherited by:

Which of the following characteristics represent inheritance of blood groups in humans? a. Dominance b. Co-dominance c. Multiple allele d. Incomplete dominance e. Polygenic inheritance

Which of the following pairs is wrongly matched?

Homozygous purelines in cattle can be obtained by

Among the following characters, which one was not considered by Mendel in his experiments on pea?

Thalassemia and sickle cell anaemia are caused due to a problem in globin molecule synthesis. Select the correct statement.

Which one from those given below is the period for Mendel's hybridization experiments?

Artificial selection to obtain cows yielding higher milk output represents

The genotypes of a Husband and Wife are $I^A I^B$ and $I^A i$. Among the blood types of their children, how many different genotypes and phenotypes are possible?

A disease caused by an autosomal primary non-disjunction is

The mechanism that causes a gene to move from one linkage group to another is called

The equivalent of a structural gene is

A true breeding plant is

If a colour-blind man marries a woman who is homozygous for normal colour vision, the probability of their son being colour-blind is

Genetic drift operates in

A molecule that can act as a genetic material must fulfill the traits given below, except

Interspecific hybridization is the mating of

A colour blind man marries a woman with normal sight who has no history of colour blindness in her family. What is the probability of their grandson being colour blind?

The term "linkage" was coined by:

A pleiotropic gene:

In his classic experiments on pea plants, Mendel did not use:

A gene showing codominance has:

In the following human pedigree, the filled symbols represent the affected individuals. Identify the type of given pedigree.

Fruit colour in squash is an example of:

The enzyme recombinase is required at which stage of meiosis?

A man whose father was colour blind marries a woman who had a colour blind mother and normal father. What percentage of male children of this couple will be colour blind?

In a population of 1000 individuals, 360 belong to genotype AA, 480 to Aa and the remaining 160 to aa. Based on these data, the frequency of allele A in the population is:

A human female with Turner's syndrome:

Which of the following statements is not true of two genes that show 50% recombination frequency?

If two persons with AB blood group marry and have sufficiently large number of children, the blood groups observed are $A:B:AB = 1:2:1$. Modern electrophoresis reveals presence of both A and B type proteins in AB blood group individuals. This is an example of

Which Mendelian idea is depicted by a cross in which the F₁ generation resembles both the parents?

The incorrect statement with regard to Haemophilia is

If both parents are carriers for thalassemia, which is an autosomal recessive disorder, what are the chances of pregnancy resulting in an affected child?

A test cross is carried out to:

Represented below is the inheritance pattern of certain type of traits in humans. Which one of the following conditions could be an example of this pattern?

Test cross in plants or in Drosophila involves crossing:

Which one of the following conditions of the zygotic cell would lead to the birth of a normal human female child?

Given below are four statements (A-D) each with one or two blanks. Select the option which correctly fills up the blanks in the statements. Statements: (A) Wings of butterfly and birds look alike and are the results of _____ (i) _____ evolution. (B) Miller showed that $CH_4$, $H_2$, $NH_3$ and _____ (i) _____, when exposed to electric discharge in a flask resulted in formation of _____ (ii) _____. (C) Vermiform appendix is a _____ (i) _____ organ and an _____ (ii) _____ evidence of evolution. (D) According to Darwin evolution took place due to _____ (i) _____ and _____ (ii) _____ of the fittest.

A cross in which an organism showing a dominant phenotype is crossed with the recessive parent in order to know its genotype is called :

In Antirrhinum, two plants with pink flowers were hybridized. The F1 plants produced red, pink and white flowers in the proportion of 1 red : 2 pink : 1 white. What could be the genotype of the two plants used for hybridization? Red flower colour is determined by $RR$, and white by $rr$ genes.

The fruit fly $Drosophila\ melanogaster$ was found to be very suitable for experimental verification of chromosomal theory of inheritance by Morgan and his colleagues because :

ABO blood grouping is controlled by gene $I$ which has three alleles and show co-dominance. There are six genotypes. How many phenotypes in all are possible?

Study the pedigree chart of a certain family given below and select the correct conclusion which can be drawn for the character.

Point mutation involves:

In the case of peppered moth (*Biston betularia*), the black-coloured form became dominant over the light-coloured form in England during industrial revolution. This is an example of:

Sickle cell anaemia is:

Study the pedigree chart given below. What does it show?

Select the incorrect statement from the following:

Haploids are more suitable for mutation studies than diploids. This is because

Which one of the following pairs of nitrogenous bases of nucleic acids is wrongly matched with the category mentioned against it?

Which one of the following conditions in humans is correctly matched with its chromosomal abnormality/linkage?

What is true about the isolated small tribal populations?

Which one of the following scientist's name is correctly matched with the theory put forth by him?

Darwin's Finches are an excellent example of

Mutation can be defined as __________ variation.

Mutation leads to evolution of __________ of a gene.

Genes expressed only in homozygous state are __________.

When both alleles of a gene are expressed it is __________.

Gene, which is most frequent is __________ type.

Which one of the following is the most suitable medium for culture of Drosophila melanogaster?

Phenotype of an organism is the result of:

In which mode of inheritance do you expect more maternal influence among the offspring?

How many different kinds of gametes will be produced by a plant having the genotype AABbCC?

Which one of the following is an example of polygenic inheritance?

In Mendel's experiments with garden pea, round seed shape (RR) was dominant over wrinkled seeds (rr), yellow cotyledon (YY) was dominant over green cotyledon (yy). What are the expected phenotypes in the F₂ generation of the cross RRYY × rryy?

Test cross involves:

If a colourblind woman marries a normal-visioned man, their sons will be:

Cri-du-chat syndrome in humans is caused by:

Sickle cell anaemia has not been eliminated from the African population because:

Both sickle cell anaemia and Huntington's chorea are:

There are two opposing views about the origin of modern man. According to one view, Homo erectus in Asia was the ancestor of modern man. A study of variations of DNA however suggested African origin of modern man. What kind of observation on DNA variation could suggest this?

A man and a woman, who do not show any apparent signs of a certain inherited disease, have seven children (2 daughters and 5 sons). Three of the sons suffer from the given disease but none of the daughters are affected. Which of the following mode of inheritance do you suggest for this disease?

Telomerase is an enzyme which is a:

Genes for cytoplasmic male sterility in plants are generally located in:

Which one of the following hydrolyses internal phosphodiester bonds in a polynucleotide chain?

Which of the following is not true for a species?

A woman with normal vision, but whose father was colour blind, marries a colourblind man. Suppose that the fourth child of this couple was a boy. This boy:

Which of the following is not a hereditary disease?

Which of the following is the relatively most accurate method for dating of fossils?

Using imprints from a plate with complete medium and carrying bacterial colonies, you can select streptomycin resistant mutants and prove that such mutations do not originate as adaptation. These imprints need to be used:

Haemophilia is more commonly seen in human males than in human females because:

A woman with 47 chromosomes due to three copies of chromosome 21 is characterized by:

In order to find out the different types of gametes produced by a pea plant having the genotype AaBb, it should be crossed to a plant with the genotype:

The salivary gland chromosomes in the dipteran larvae are useful in gene mapping because: