NEET Biology · Flashcards
This deck has 21 flashcards on Biology & Human Welfare for NEET Biology, from NCERT Class 12. It covers the NCERT chapters Human Health and Disease and Microbes in Human Welfare.
Human Health, Immunology, Diseases, and the vital roles of Microbes in Human Welfare (Class 12).
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Card 1 of 21
Which group of drugs primarily affects the cardiovascular system, and what is its source?
Hint: Cannabis affects the heart rate.
Answer
Drug: Cannabinoids (marijuana, hashish, charas, ganja). Source: Inflorescences of the plant Cannabis sativa.
Card 2 of 21
Name the three main genera of fungi responsible for Ringworm in humans.
Hint: M-T-E fungi.
Answer
1. Microsporum 2. Trichophyton 3. Epidermophyton
Card 3 of 21
Which specific vector is responsible for transmitting Dengue and Chikungunya?
Hint: A different vector from Malaria (Anopheles).
Answer
The female Aedes mosquito.
Card 4 of 21
Name the causative agent and the standard diagnostic blood test for Typhoid fever.
Hint: Typhoid Mary was a classic carrier of this pathogen.
Answer
Causative agent: Salmonella typhi (bacterium). Diagnostic test: Widal test.
Card 5 of 21
What is the infective stage of Plasmodium for humans, and where is it stored in the mosquito?
Hint: Spores injected through saliva.
Answer
Infective stage: Sporozoites. Storage: They are stored in the salivary glands of the female Anopheles mosquito until a bite transfers them.
Card 6 of 21
Describe the basic structure of an antibody molecule and state its formula.
Hint: Think of a 'Y' shape with 2 heavy and 2 light arms.
Answer
Card 7 of 21
Differentiate between Humoral Immune Response and Cell-Mediated Immunity (CMI).
Hint: Humor = fluids (blood/antibodies). Cells = T-cells.
Answer
Humoral Immunity: Mediated by B-lymphocytes producing antibodies in blood/lymph. Cell-Mediated Immunity: Mediated by T-lymphocytes directly attacking infected/foreign cells (responsible for graft rejection).
Card 8 of 21
Provide one natural and one artificial example of Passive Immunity.
Hint: Passive means readymade antibodies are directly given.
Answer
Natural: IgA antibodies passed via colostrum (mother's milk) or IgG crossing the placenta to the fetus. Artificial: Anti-tetanus serum (ATS) or anti-venom injections given after a bite/injury.
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