Equilibrium Flashcards for NEET — 20 cards

First 8 of 20 Equilibrium flashcards

Read the question, answer it in your head, then open the answer to check yourself.

1. Card 1 of 20

   What does 'Dynamic Equilibrium' mean in a chemical reaction?

   Hint: Reactions don't stop; they just balance out.

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   Answer

   The state where the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the backward reaction, resulting in no net change in macroscopic properties (concentration, color, pressure).

2. Card 2 of 20

   Write the mathematical relationship between $K_p$ and $K_c$.

   Hint: Don't forget that $\Delta n_g$ is for GASES only.

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   Answer

   Where $\Delta n_g = (\text{moles of gaseous products}) - (\text{moles of gaseous reactants})$. $R$ is the gas constant and $T$ is temperature in Kelvin.

3. Card 3 of 20

   How do you use the reaction quotient ($Q_c$) to predict the direction of a reaction relative to $K_c$?

   Hint: Think of Q trying to 'catch up' to K.

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   Answer

4. Card 4 of 20

   If a chemical equation is reversed, and then multiplied by a factor of 2, what happens to its new equilibrium constant ($K'$)?

   Hint: Multiplier = Power. Reversing = Inverse.

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   Answer

   First, reversing makes it $\frac{1}{K}$. Multiplying by 2 squares it. Result: $K' = \left(\frac{1}{K}\right)^2 = \frac{1}{K^2}$.

5. Card 5 of 20

   Relate Standard Gibbs Free Energy ($\Delta G^\circ$) with the equilibrium constant ($K$).

   Hint: $\Delta G = 0$ at equilibrium, but $\Delta G^\circ$ determines the value of K!

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   Answer

   $\Delta G^\circ = -RT \ln K$ OR $\Delta G^\circ = -2.303 RT \log K$

6. Card 6 of 20

   According to Le Chatelier's Principle, how does increasing the pressure affect an equilibrium involving gases?

   Hint: Higher pressure favors the side that takes up less volume.

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   Answer

   Increasing pressure shifts the equilibrium towards the direction with fewer moles of gas (to reduce the pressure).

7. Card 7 of 20

   How does an increase in temperature affect an exothermic reaction vs an endothermic reaction?

   Hint: Treat Heat as a product (Exo) or reactant (Endo).

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   Answer

   Exothermic ($\Delta H < 0$): Increasing temp shifts equilibrium backward (decreases K). Endothermic ($\Delta H > 0$): Increasing temp shifts equilibrium forward (increases K).

8. Card 8 of 20

   What is the effect of adding an inert gas at constant volume vs constant pressure on an equilibrium system?

   Hint: Constant V = no change. Constant P = needs more space = more moles.

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   Answer

   Constant Volume: No effect on equilibrium (partial pressures remain unchanged). Constant Pressure: Volume of the container increases, shifting equilibrium towards the side with more moles of gas.