NEET Physics · Flashcards
This deck has 22 flashcards on Oscillations and Waves for NEET Physics, from NCERT Class 11. It covers the NCERT chapters Oscillations and Waves.
A complete, high-yield NEET flashcard deck covering Oscillations and Waves—featuring SHM equations, phase differences, wave speeds, standing wave harmonics, and organ pipes
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Card 1 of 22
What is the defining condition for Simple Harmonic Motion (S.H.M.)?
Hint: The negative sign indicates that force and acceleration oppose the displacement.
Answer
A particle executes S.H.M. if the restoring force acting on it is directly proportional to its displacement from the mean position and is always directed towards the mean position. F = -kx or a = -ω²x
Card 2 of 22
Write the general equation for displacement in S.H.M. and define Phase (φ).
Hint: Phase is the argument of the sine or cosine function: (ωt + φ).
Answer
x(t) = A cos(ωt + φ) or A sin(ωt + φ) Where 'A' is amplitude, 'ω' is angular frequency, and 'φ' is the initial phase (epoch). Phase completely determines the position and direction of motion at any instant.
Card 3 of 22
What are the formulas for Velocity (v) and Acceleration (a) in S.H.M. as a function of displacement (x)?
Hint: Velocity is maximum at the mean position (x=0). Acceleration is maximum at the extreme positions (x=±A).
Answer
Velocity: v = ±ω√(A² - x²) Acceleration: a = -ω²x
Card 4 of 22
What is the phase difference between Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration in S.H.M.?
Hint: If x = A sin(ωt), then v = Aω cos(ωt) = Aω sin(ωt + π/2).
Answer
v leads x by π/2. a leads x by π (opposite phase).
Card 5 of 22
Write the expressions for Kinetic Energy (K) and Potential Energy (U) in S.H.M.
Hint: K is max at mean position. U is max at extreme positions.
Answer
Kinetic Energy: K = ½ m ω² (A² - x²) Potential Energy: U = ½ k x² = ½ m ω² x²
Card 6 of 22
What is the formula for the Time Period (T) of a block attached to an ideal spring?
Hint: Frequency f = 1/T = (1/2π)√(k/m). T is independent of amplitude.
Answer
T = 2π√(m / k) Where 'm' is the mass of the block and 'k' is the spring constant.
Card 7 of 22
What is the equivalent spring constant (kₑ) for springs connected in Series and Parallel?
Hint: Notice it is the EXACT OPPOSITE of electrical resistors!
Answer
Series: 1/kₑ = 1/k₁ + 1/k₂ (So, kₑ = k₁k₂ / (k₁+k₂)) Parallel: kₑ = k₁ + k₂
Card 8 of 22
State the formula for the Time Period (T) of a Simple Pendulum.
Hint: Valid only for small angular displacements (θ < 5°). It is independent of the mass of the bob.
Answer
T = 2π√(L / g) Where 'L' is the effective length of the pendulum and 'g' is acceleration due to gravity.
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